Analysis of Ghosts In England

Robinson Jeffers 1887 (Allegheny) – 1962 (Carmel-by-the-Sea)



At East Lulworth the dead were friendly and pitiful, I saw them
peek from their ancient earthworks on the coast hills
At the camps of the living men in the valley, the army-mechanics'
barracks, the roads where they try the tanks
And the armored cars: 'We also,' they say, 'trembled in our
time. We felt the world change in the rain,
Our people like yours were falling under the wheel. Great
past and declining present are a pitiful burden
For living men; but failure is not the worm that worries
the dead, you will not weep when you come,'
Said the soft mournful shadows on the Dorset shore. And those
on the Rollright ridge by the time-eaten stone-circle
Said nothing and had no wish in the world, having blessedly aged
out of humanity, stared with great eyes
White as the hollowed limestone, not caring but seeing, inhuman
as the wind.

But the other ghosts were not good,
But like a moon of jackals around a sick stag.
At Zennor in the tumbled granite chaos, at Marazion and the
angel's Mount, from the hoar tide-lines:
'Be patient, dead men, the tides of their day have turned,' from
the stone rings of the dead huts on Dartmoor,
The prison town like a stain of dirt on the distant hill: 'We not
the last,' they said, 'shall be hopeless,
We not alone hunger in the rain.' From Avebury in the high
heart of England, in the ancient temple,
When all the cottages darkened themselves to sleep: 'Send it
along the ridge-ways and say it on the hilltops
That the bone is broken and the meat will fall.'

There was also a
ghost of a king, his cheeks hollow as the brows
Of an old horse, was paddling his hands in the reeds of Dozmare
Pool, in the shallow, in the rainy twilight,
Feeling for the hilt of a ruinous and rusted sword. But they said
'Be patient a little, you king of shadows,
But only wait, they will waste like snow.' Then Arthur left
hunting for the lost sword, he grinned and stood up
Gaunt as a wolf; but soon resumed the old labor, shaking the
reeds with his hands.

Northeastward to Wantage
On the chalk downs the Saxon Alfred
Witlessly walks with his hands lamenting. 'Who are the people
and who are the enemy?' He says bewildered,
'Who are the living, who are the dead?' The more ancient dead
Watch him from the wide earthworks on White Horse Hill,
peer from the Ridgeway barrows, goggle from the broken
Mound and the scattered stones in the oval wood above Ashbury.
They whisper and exult.

In the north also
I saw them, from the Picts' houses in the black Caithness heather
to the bleak stones on Culloden Moor,
The rags of lost races and beaten clans, nudging each other, the
blue lips cracking with joy, the fleshless
Anticipatory fingers jabbing at the south. And on the Welsh
borders
Were dead men skipping and fleering behind all the hedges. An
island of ghosts. They seemed merry, and to feel
No pity for the great pillar of empire settling to a fall, the pride
and the power slowly dissolving.


Scheme XAXXBXXCXDEFXXCX XXGXDBXXXFXXX GXBXHEXXGX XXFXHXCXX XBXGAXXXXXX
Poetic Form
Metre 111010100100111 1111011011 101101010010010010 100111101 001011101110010 111011001 10101101010011 10010101010010 11011101101110 011111111 1011011010101 101110110110 1100111001101001 1101001111 110101110110010 101 10101011 11011101011 11001010101100 1110111 1101101111111 011101111 0101101111010111 01111110 11011000111001 1110001010 11010010011111 01011011101 10111000111 11100 11011110101 111111001100111 1001000101 10101101000101111 1100101111 1101111111101 10101111011 110111010110100 1111 10110 101101010 1111101011010 011010011010 11010110101101 1110111111 110110101010 1001010010101100 110001 00110 11110110001110 1011111 0111100101101100 11101101 0100010101010101 10 01110010110101 10111110011 11010110110010010101 001010010
Closest metre Iambic hexameter
Characters 2,864
Words 544
Sentences 20
Stanzas 5
Stanza Lengths 16, 13, 10, 9, 11
Lines Amount 59
Letters per line (avg) 39
Words per line (avg) 9
Letters per stanza (avg) 457
Words per stanza (avg) 107
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Submitted on May 13, 2011

Modified on April 18, 2023

2:40 min read
122

Robinson Jeffers

John Robinson Jeffers was an American poet, known for his work about the central California coast. more…

All Robinson Jeffers poems | Robinson Jeffers Books

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